eNotes Editorial, 3 Mar. But on election day Bush ended up losing the popular vote by a small margin (although winning the electoral vote). Critical Thinking Essay (5 Points): What does the trend toward descriptive representation suggest about what constituents value in their legislature? Disparate state laws create inequality and oppression which affect the general country. The whole purpose of a correctly-structure unitary government is to create common ground. States will often set speed limits on state highways. On an even smaller regional scale, local jurisdictions can vary radically in wealth, meaning, for instance, that some school districts are terribly underfunded, while others are awash in cash. Some Americans believe that corruption, bribery, party politics, and unfair practices become too common when many of the same members of Congress are in office year after year. Why did the founding fathers decide this for the Justices? The UK is technically a constitutional monarchy, but it functions as a unitary state because all political power is held by Parliament. A good president has to be able to negotiate with other lawmakers and Congress. This is the case because people can cross state lines to Indiana and purchase guns that are legal there and bring them back to Chicago, thus getting around the local law. Why do you think different polls got such a wide range of estimates of Bushs lead in the polls, ranging from a 12% lead to a 4% lead? Other powers are then granted to the collective states, while a handful of responsibilities are shared by both. U.S. states typically have much more authority over education than does the federal government. Defend your answer. In the west, counties are more likely to be both larger than eastern counties, and to provide city-like services to areas that are unincorporated, or whose citizens do not live inside of the boundary of any city. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? The only problem with a centralized system such as this is that it can exert so much control over the population that an individual can do nothing to change their circumstances. The president today has a huge influence on the people through technology. \text { Female} \\ is a female SMB owner or is concerned about the limited access to money affecting the business? Academic.Tips. Councillors and officers have an understanding of the local area and can tailor policies to that area. Discuss how Cleopatras reputation can be seen as a product of misrepresentation. Explain two challenges you foresee speaking with Steve about the correlation to his health and his drinking habits. Why? The term is important for the protection of democracy. Explain. Strong private protection laws Sub-national governments manage local affairs on behalf of national governments. https://www.ncsl.org/research/about-state-legislatures/ch What is the difference between unitary and federal systems? \text { No } & \underline{112} & \underline{126} & \underline{238}\\ Defend your answer'. The central government can decide to create or abolish administrative decisions, offered to provide sub-national units with delegated power, and made changes at the local level whenever it desires. In Maryland, counties run school systems; in North Carolina, counties do not maintain local roads as they do elsewhere. Remember that the status of sub-national or local depends on whether the nation operates under a federal or under a unitary system. Critical Thinking Essay (5 Points) What should be the most important considerations when filling judge and justice positions at the federal level? Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. In your treatment, highlight the role of her contemporaries (friends & foes) and those who wrote about her in late years, in constructing her inaccurate reputation. Disadvantages of having levels of subnational government is that many laws for citizens are put into place, lots of rules and polices are put into place which can be cumbersome. In standing by precedent, a judge relies on the principle of ________. The trend toward descriptive representation suggests that constituents want their representatives to be similar to them as if that will make their representatives more understanding of the issues and more apt to fix them. Latest answer posted November 10, 2019 at 3:31:40 PM, Latest answer posted November 30, 2020 at 11:03:44 AM. Even when there are multiple elections held each year to sort out national representation, the results are a direct reflection of the diversity found in society. Exercise 4. Many cities engage in zoning, laws by which rules are set about what can be built where. In unitary governments, all power comes from the national government, which delegates some of that power to local governments to carry out the local business of governing. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? PLEASE NOTE: This book is currently in draft form; material is not final. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site Special purpose districts may also manage fire service, utilities such as sewer, water and electricity, and everything from local parks to public hospitals and cemeteries. The advantages of having so many subnational governments in the United States is that different regions of the country with different needs have the autonomy and flexibility to. Explain. What are five reasons to support the death penalty? 28 September. The autonomy of states or provinces will depend if the overall system of government is federal or unitary. The bureaucracy increases because every authorization requires a review from a central official. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? Then the bloating begins to happen in the government. Typically the president chooses justices that are affiliated with the same political party as them. Short Answer (2 points): Briefly explain the difference between the classic model of legislating and the modern process. a. Senate approval is needed for the appointment of justices and federal judges. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. It is likely to be more efficient to run services locally than manage them from the centre. Sub-national governments in the United States serve to represent citizens at a more local level, especially regarding local issues. The purpose of the unitary government is to have the few control the many. However, for sub-national governments, judges can be recalled and citizens can vote on whether a judge should retain ones seat. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? The president signs legally binding nuclear arms terms with Iran without seeking congressional approval. Because the unitary government functions through a centralized structure, it is not unusual for it to fail to meet local needs. Short Answer (2 Points) What do the appointments of the Supreme Court's two newest justices, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, reveal about the changing court system? In a ________ political culture, the government is seen as a mechanism for maintaining the existing social order or status quo. A unitary government is a state which is governed under a single central governing structure which treats itself as being the final say in every decision. Short Answer (2 Points) What are the core factors that determine how judges decide in court cases? In most countries, these are governments in some way below the national government, whatever form it takes. Has this book helped you? College students in Texas must study Texas state politics and government, regardless of their majors. \text { Male } Latest answer posted July 28, 2019 at 9:08:49 AM. Critical Thinking Essay (5 Points) What are the opportunities and limitations for presidential leadership in the contemporary political system? This content was accessible as of December 29, 2012, and it was downloaded then by Andy Schmitz in an effort to preserve the availability of this book. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Term limits do exist for members of Congress in less than half of all American states. Today, regional governments also provide an important fallback or safeguard when the national government is unable or unwilling to act in a situation of importance to certain regions. While much of the money for schools comes from state governments, school districts manage how the money is spent. What are some good storiesand films on the concept of karma?, Does Africa produce more copper or diamonds, Which of these is not a characteristic of a federal form of government, HELPPP PLSS Which condition below is favorable for entrepreneurs? Sometimes candidates unpopular with the party leadership reach the top. Even where the government permits the presence of sub-national governments in this structure, there is not a sharing of power. Explain. People are rarely given an opportunity to interact with their governing officials unless they have a specific need to fill, such as the creation of official identification materials. A negative characteristic of the dual court system is that it is more complicated than a one court system. The disparate state laws can create inequality and oppression that can then impact the overall country. The amount of time spent on establishing, checking, amending, and defending the rules, regulations, laws, and policies of each level is tremendous. \end{array} & \begin{array}{c} It has power, but that power relies upon the other branches to be implemented or enforced. 6. Explain. \text{Net income (loss)}&\text{\hspace{19pt}66,176}&\text{\hspace{19pt}54,587}\\ If there is a shift in policy that takes rights away from select groups of people, there might not be anything that the general population can do to stop that process from happening. Originally first ladies were private advisors to their husbands. What are the advantages and disadvantages of international trade law. Congress usually insists that the states adhere to certain standards and levels of funding in order to receive federal matching funds, although in recent decades Congress has leaned more toward giving states some leeway in deciding how to structure such programs. 2021, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-2066381. Explain. What would government be like if there was only one federal level? That was a decision of the state government. Georgia is not the only state trying to restrict voting. The African American Struggle for Equality, Civil Rights for Indigenous Groups: Native Americans, Alaskans, and Hawaiians, Toward Collective Action: Mediating Institutions, Divided Government and Partisan Polarization, Collective Action and Interest Group Formation, Interest Groups as Political Participation, Free Speech and the Regulation of Interest Groups, Delivering Collective Action: Formal Institutions, The Design and Evolution of the Presidency, Presidential Governance: Direct Presidential Action, Guardians of the Constitution and Individual Rights, Judicial Decision-Making and Implementation by the Supreme Court, Bureaucracy and the Evolution of Public Administration, Understanding Bureaucracies and their Types, Institutional Relations in Foreign Policy, https://openstax.org/books/american-government-3e/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/american-government-3e/pages/14-critical-thinking-questions, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. When answering this question, you should consider the two main sub-national levels of government: state and municipal. The limited time period of elected members implies the transfer of leadership and promotes transparency and fairness in political actions. This efficiency makes it possible to create stronger safety nets for those who are out of work for an extended time or have disabilities which keep them out of the labor force. When we take a look back through the stories of history, the pages are quick to show that when power is held by only a few or just one, then it is abused far too easily. This is because they prevent the appearance of dictatorship and take care of democracy in a certain country. Additionally, per the publisher's request, their name has been removed in some passages. That is how France structures its form of government. Therefore, in this case, having many levels of subnational governments is an advantage because they give people an opportunity to be closer to authorities. Can you please explain the advantages and disadvantages of unipolarity? Short Answer (2 points): What does Campbell's surge-and-decline theory suggest about the outcome of midterm elections? Advantages of Term Limits: Term limits have been shown to reduce monopoly of the legislative process, reduce fiscal irresponsibility, reduce crisis etc. Granted to the collective states, while a handful of responsibilities are by... Standing by precedent, a judge relies on the principle of ________ central official to support the death penalty government! The outcome of midterm elections does Campbell 's surge-and-decline theory suggest about What constituents value in their legislature this,... The presence of sub-national or local depends on whether the nation operates under unitary... 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