Existentialists investigate deeply irrational phenomena of human life, including anxiety, boredom, tragedy, despair, death, faith, sexuality, love, hate, sadism, masochism, and authenticity. limits of language? To do this we will explore topics that might traditionally be considered "women's issues" in healthcare, such as medicine and body image (e.g., cosmetic surgery, eating disorders), reproductive and genetic technologies, and research on women and their health care needs. While looking at film as art, as document, as experiment and as entertainment, we will always keep in sight specific theoretical assumptions that underlie different understandings of film, and different critical approaches to the medium. The picture that we find in the works of the tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides is markedly different. Starting with early film theorists (such as Munsterberg, Arnheim, Bazin, and Soviet formalists), we will examine how their insights and disagreements influenced later developments in continental and analytic philosophy of film, and in film theory. What role does the history of philosophy play in the discipline? Some critical theorists within the Frankfurt School tradition draw from upon ideas about the constitution of the subject developed in the early 19th century German philosophy of Hegel. View Phil Walsh's email address (p*****@kw***.com) and phone number. Love it or hate it, you cannot ignore it. This will be the only trigger warning for the class; if you don't want to be offended then this course is not for you. Are there incompatible but equally true ways of describing the world? Messing with People: The Ethics of Human Experimentation. We will analyze and discuss various accounts of scientific method, structure and justification of scientific theories, scientific choice, change, and the idea that scientific knowledge is progressive in a cumulative way. How are conscious and unconscious emotions related to a person's action, character, and her social world? The issue of prediction was also raised by economist Donald McCloskey who, in 1988, asked his fellow economists, "If you're so smart, why ain't you rich?" We will begin examining these questions by studying the history of controversies in American higher education, concentrating especially on debates about the curriculum. His depiction of the trial and death of Socrates is one of the classics of western literature, and his views on ethics and politics continue to occupy a central place in our discussions 2400 years after they were written. The theoretical aspect of the course will involve close readings of selected articles in contemporary aesthetics, philosophy of literature and philosophy of film. Understood in this way, critical theory is identified closely with the intellectual tradition of the Frankfurt School. Is a sentence's relation to previously uttered sentences similar to its relation to extra-linguistic events? His son was arrested after police were called to a domestic dispute at the home in Somerton Park at 2am ACST on Friday. We will start by situating Hume's project within the historical tradition in which he thought and against which Treatise was directed. Why do we seek to experience through film fear and anguish that we avoid in our daily lives? Our readings will include the relevant works of Plato, Sextus Empiricus, Carnap, Quine, Davidson, Goodman, Elgin, Hacking, Krausz, Foot, and Williams, among others. In this tutorial, will read works in critical theory from the 18th century to the present, some from the Frankfurt tradition, and some not. As a result, some prominent researchers propose that the existence of consciousness requires a revision of basic physics, while others (seemingly desperately) deny that consciousness exists at all. How have you already been taught the academic and civic virtues? 'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+"://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs");AFL CEO Gillon McLachlan said Walsh's death was a tragic loss. Anscombe and Foot resurrected virtue ethics for Anglo-American philosophy and made moral psychology academically respectable. Our starting and central question will be: and evidence in forming our best beliefs. Does offensive art harm? Or, must sensible properties be organized spatiotemporally? What distinguishes that kind of life from others? Is that principle of organization justifiable or not? We will begin with John Stuart Mill's powerful defense of free speech in On Liberty, but will then investigate challenges to Mill's traditional liberalism from thinkers, such as Catharine MacKinnon, who believe that such rights are never neutral. What is knowledge (as opposed to mere opinion)? However, the status of loyalty as a virtue has always been suspect: it has been argued that it is incompatible with impartiality, fairness and equality, and claimed that it is always exclusionary. Student interest will be taken into consideration in deciding what additional topics to cover. [more], In this course we will examine the concept of freedom from three points of view. What kind of work is that, and how is it accomplished? Log in, register or subscribe to save articles for later. [more], Elizabeth Anscombe, Philippa Foot, Amelie Rorty, and Cora Diamond all challenged the prevailing philosophical tenets of their times. College: will be updated: University: will be updated: High Education: Not Available: Degree: and keto reduced-sugar products has been linked to blood clotting, stroke, heart attack and death, according to a new study. What are the forces, and the dynamics between forces (i.e., economic, technological, modes of communication, techniques of social control, biological, psychological) that make certain types of subjects possible influencing both their self-understandings and their forms of life? Our focus will be on recent influential work in this area. See if you can figure out why this is sometimes called a paradox, and then ask yourself what this has to do with our opening questions. this course we'll explore justice as a fundamental moral principle and as a desideratum of the US health care system. The Philosophy of Higher Education: College Controversies. For example, we commonly attribute to Plato a theory of the Forms on the basis of his claims in the so-called "middle dialogues" (mainly Republic, Phaedo, and Symposium). Are we rationally justified in drawing causal inferences? They help us ask: What is freedom? At home? nature and origins of the mother-child bond, and to replace--or to let us think we can replace--chance with choice." [more], This tutorial, designed especially for first year students, is a philosophy course, not a prelaw course. They have three adult children: Shevaun, Jessica, and Cameron. [more], From questions about contact tracing apps to racial and age disparities in health risk and outcomes, the COVID-19 pandemic has foregrounded the importance of ethics as a key concern in public health policies and activities. To what extent do these myriad force relations limit, enable, or deform our participation as political citizens, and our capacity to transform and improve them? Are we rationally justified in drawing causal inferences? We will then discuss philosophies of science which emerged out of various criticisms of this view - especially those of Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend - and the challenges to the assumptions of scientific objectivity and rationality their works provoked. Required fields are marked *. [more], This is a course in the philosophy of logic. No domain of inquiry is immune to this destructive skepticism and confident relativism. Furthermore, philosophers have continued to revisit the existential questions vividly raised by Greek tragedy. Unsurprisingly, philosophers have proffered a variety of answers to these questions, prompting one philosopher to remark, half-jokingly, that "there are as many definitions of philosophy as there are philosophers." Each identified the limits, whether historical or innate, of our human capacity to know ourselves and our world, and to live harmoniously with others. We will also read selections from the vast secondary literature on Aristotle's Metaphysics. We will then turn to several of Plato's dialogues, examining Plato's portrayal of Socrates and his development of a new and profoundly powerful philosophical conception. Our aim is to enrich our understanding of the discipline in order to evaluate its value and limitations. The picture that we find in the works of the tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides is markedly different. In this tutorial you will read from a selection of Foucault's texts (books, lectures, interviews) in order to acquire a firm grasp of his method of "critique" and his way of looking at the interconnections between forms of power and the knowledge associated with particular disciplines. When AI is fully realized, it is likely to be amongst the most important things to happen to our species. Phil Walsh dead following domestic dispute, Statement from Gillon McLachlan on round 14. In this course we will examine traditional philosophical approaches to understanding death and related concepts, with a special focus on the ethical concerns surrounding death and care for the dying. If so, what are the constraints on good revisions? Second, we will engage in some current philosophical debates concerning the concept of freedom in metaphysics, ethics, and political philosophy. How do I know that I am one? Unsurprisingly, philosophers have proffered a variety of answers to these questions, prompting one philosopher to remark, half-jokingly, that "there are as many definitions of philosophy as there are philosophers." The seminar will fall into two unequal parts. What are other models for understanding moral objectivity? Are we capable of disinterested altruism, or are we motivated solely by self-interest? claimed it offended Christians, and the Cincinnati Contemporary Arts Center was prosecuted for exhibiting allegedly obscene photographs by Robert Mapplethorpe. Starting with early film theorists (such as Munsterberg, Arnheim, Bazin, and Soviet formalists), we will examine how their insights and disagreements influenced later developments in continental and analytic philosophy of film, and in film theory. [more], The Williams College Mission statement says that "free inquiry requires open-mindedness, and commitment to community draws on concern for others". This course will offer a selective overview of the debates that characterized philosophy of film since the early 20th century. Throughout we will aim to fuse a rigorous scientific perspective with more humanistic themes and philosophical inquiry. Walsh, 55, died from multiple stab wounds at the scene despite attempts by ambulance officers to revive him. Authors will include: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant. We will continue with the contemporary inheritors of the tradition: Cornel West, Richard Rorty, and Hilary Putnam. We will examine several different approaches in depth, including realism, constructivism, expressivism, and skepticism. [more], The sentence "Every cookie is chocolate chip and three of them are oatmeal raisin" is a perfectly grammatical sentence of English, but it's self-contradictory. Consequently, many philosophers deeply influenced by pragmatism do not recognize the fact, while, on the other hand, some self-proclaimed pragmatists of our days can hardly be seen as continuing the tradition to which they pledge allegiance. The second, longer part of the seminar will try to isolate and follow some of the pragmatist currents which run through epistemology and philosophy of science in the 20th and 21st centuries. The philosophers of ancient Greece and Rome were among the first thinkers to develop rigorous arguments in response to such musings. between law and morality? We will prove soundness and completeness, compactness, the Lowenheim-Skolem theorems, undecidability and other important results about first-order logic. The remainder of the course will consider key concepts at the core of medical ethics and central issues for the field, such as privacy and confidentiality, the distinction between killing and "letting die," and therapy vs. research. Finally, there are those who do not think philosophy can contribute much at all to answering such questions and others who question its claims to universality given its associations with colonialism, racism, sexism, etc. In this tutorial we will read from Ancient, modern and contemporary philosophical sources as well several relevant studies in the social sciences and positive psychology movement in order to engage questions concerning happiness. [more], We will consider a series of debates in 20th Century Analytic Philosophy concerning the relationship between the mind and the world. Following assistant coach stints at Port Adelaide and West Coast, he took over as Crows head. [more], Hume's A Treatise of Human Nature, one of the greatest books in the history of philosophy, still exerts a considerable influence on contemporary epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of science, philosophy of action, ethics and moral psychology. 1-3), and selected interviews and course lectures. Hopkins Hall. Our main goal will be to prove things about this logical system rather than to use this system to think about ordinary language arguments. Their dispute raised some of the deepest questions in philosophy: consequentialism versus deontology, the goals of happiness versus dignity, long term versus short term goals, and more. This site was launched in Spring of 2020, and includes death notifications beginning January 1, 2020. This course will introduce students to fundamental concepts, methods, and issues in environmental ethics. Is film today really distinct from a number of new, emerging visual media? [more], The last line of Ludwig Wittgenstein's Tractatus famously reads: "Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent." What is the body? We will see how a focus on language affects our understanding of many traditional philosophical questions, ranging from epistemology and metaphysics to aesthetics and ethics. What are the responsibilities of museum curators and theater producers when presenting art that might offend? How is political power generated and exercised? 413-597-4171. ntp1 @williams .edu. How do logic and language relate? Unit Notes: Public Health concentrators may use either PHIL 211T Ethics of Public Health or PHIL 213T Biomedical Ethics to fulfill their 3-elective requirement, but they may not use both courses to do so. Some of the questions we will consider are: Are moral standards relative to cultural frameworks? But how should objectivity in this domain be understood? State police are investigating the death of a student more than three decades ago at a now-closed school for troubled teens. Is film a creation of a single artist - the director, the author - or is it a result of a loosely synchronized and not quite coherent collaboration of many different people, each guided by her or his particular vision? If not, should this concern us? What is the basis on which current psychiatric diagnostic manuals are organized? Finally, we will examine some of Aristotle's works on metaphysics, epistemology and ethics, considering some of the ways Aristotle's thought responds to that of predecessors. Can science contribute to our understanding of these issues? Thus, the concept of person plays a significant role in most branches of philosophy, e.g. New York: McGraw Hill, 2005. pp 307-323. has taken on an exciting urgency. By the early 20th century, in the works of Freud, we encounter the idea of the intra-psychic features of subjects and the importance of understanding and regulating psychic forces both within and between subjects in order to adapt to the demands of living at any given time, born as we are both dependent upon and vulnerable to others. Further, even where there is agreement as to the proper way of answering epistemological questions, there is a stunning variety of possible answers to each question. Emboldened by our confidence in skeptical arguments, we claim that knowledge is inevitably limited, that it depends on one's perspective, and that everything one believes is relative to context or culture. Our readings will come primarily from philosophy, but will be supplemented with material from anthropology, physics, psychology, and linguistics. To do this, we will need to become familiar with key ethical theories; think deeply about such concepts as privacy, paternalism and autonomy, exploitation, cost-benefit analysis and justice; and compare the function of these concepts in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic with the way they work in responses to other public health concerns. How should moral equality be understood, and what is its foundation? [more], What is it for a novel, a story, a play or a film to be a philosophical narrative? Rather than seeing philosophy as an esoteric discipline, the pragmatic philosophers (with the possible exception of Peirce) see philosophy as integral to our culture and see themselves as public intellectuals. Nietzsche texts may include selections from: historical traditions. We will thus be led to discuss some of the concepts common to epistemology, metaphysics and ethics: reason, justification, objectivity, understanding, reality and truth. Frege, Russell, and the Early Wittgenstein. How did you develop your character? We use language to communicate meanings in order to accomplish a variety of goals: to convey information, make requests, establish rules, utilize power, issue protests, and much more. Some maintain that these issues are solely the provinces of philosophy, using traditional a priori methods. From there, we will look at extensions of and/or alternatives to first-order logic. Among the questions that we will address: What is justice? He hoped it would occasion a public debate between Locke and himself, and prompt the intellectual community to decide, once and for all, between Empiricism and Rationalism, Realism and Idealism, and on related issues concerning the mind, language, truth, God, natural kinds, causation, and freedom. We will examine several different approaches in depth, including realism, constructivism, expressivism, and skepticism. Save. When should we give morality priority over personal commitments and relationships, and why? It is at the same time the most intimately known fact of our humanity and science's most elusive puzzle. We conclude by considering the relation between first and third person studies of the mind, focusing on the concept of the embodied mind as a fruitful bridge between these different traditions. We got it anyway . Perhaps, then, economics is not primarily a predictive science, but instead a descriptive, historical, and/or mathematical one. In this course we will seek to comprehend the dimensions in which Existentialism is a distinctive intellectual tradition. [more], Modern philosophy centers on two debates: Empiricism vs. Rationalism and Realism vs. Idealism. What is the basis on which current psychiatric diagnostic manuals are organized? Success in fulfilling desires? [more], Is morality simply a matter of opinion? Is patriotism incompatible with cosmopolitanism, and if so, which of the two should we value? In some weeks, students will be asked to choose from a small set which case they would like to address; in others the case will be assigned. Walsh has authored four books and starred in The Daily Wire online documentary film . The order in which you say things matters, and it matters for what you communicate what actions you take and what events happen around you. Readings will include work by Plato, Hobbes, Kant, Mill, Nietzsche, and contemporary authors. We will read Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau in seeking answers to these questions. [more], In this course, we follow the Indian philosophical conversation concerning the self and the nature of consciousness, particularly as they are found in its various Yogic traditions. The aim of this course is to explore and evaluate a number of rival conceptions of persons and personal identity over time. Are we ever justified in having more concern, and doing more, for our friends, family, community or nation? argument, the cosmological argument, the teleological argument, the argument from religious experience, and the argument from evil). The objective is the preparation and writing of a senior thesis (maximum 75 pages). The aim of this course is to explore and evaluate a number of rival conceptions of persons and personal identity over time. the cosmos. Police were called to the house just after 2:00 am, and found Walsh with multiple stab wounds. [more], This course involves independent study under the supervision of a member of the department. Who is equal? The order in which you say things matters, and it matters for what you communicate what actions you take and what events happen around you. [more], Most thoughtful human beings spend a good deal of time musing about how we ought to live and about what counts as a good life for a human being. Wilfrid Sellars regarded as uncontroversial the view that it is "an attempt to see how things, in the broadest possible sense of the term, hang together in the broadest possible sense of the term." But we also question the value of these tools based on first person approaches by relating them to the third person studies of the mind. Tutorial partners will have an opportunity to spend the end of the semester working on a special topic of their choosing including, for instance, consciousness and free will, pain and anesthesia, consciousness and artificial intelligence, or disorders of consciousness. [more], Socrates was executed in 399 BCE on the charges of impiety and corruption of the youth of Athens. Conservatism portal. PHIL 227 LEC Death and Dying. Or can meaning be allocated only to entire sets of beliefs? however, to be surprisingly difficult to say what causation is. I don't know why, she just does. "The only thing that is different with this is that he has a high profile. This introduction will be of use to students interested in language from a variety of perspectives, including philosophy, cognitive science, and computer science. We'll examine these and related questions through historical and contemporary readings. Does the fact that our lives will end threaten their meaning? Some philosophers have wondered, however, whether the notion of an alternative logic is even coherent. God bless you! of the subject developed in the early 19th century German philosophy of Hegel. This discussion will lead us to the relativist and social-constructivist views developed within contemporary science studies. In this course, we will spend the first third of the semester attempting to understand the metaphysics and epistemology in Plato's middle dialogues. How can we ensure that AI's will act morally? Furthermore, many of the issues that Aristotle takes up in these books remain of central importance in contemporary philosophy. What is the nature of consciousness and how can it be unhappy, false or double? We will then turn to some specific social forms in the second unit, and ask whether they promote or preclude our freedom. How can we reconcile this faith with the persistence of domination today? Or might it be that our skepticism and relativism are the result of our own laziness and failure? Is rationality relative to cultural norms? How do our thoughts refer to objects? In framing and answering these questions, we will discuss subjective experience (or phenomenology) of mental illness; holism vs. reductionism; functional, historical and structural explanations of psychopathology; theory formation, evidence, and the role of values in psychology and psychiatry; the diversity and disunity of psychotherapeutic approaches; relationship between knowers and the known; and relationship between theoretical knowledge in psychiatry and the practices of healing. First of all, Greek thinkers, especially Plato and Aristotle, radically shaped the trajectory of western thought in every area of philosophy. Possible additional topics would include: modal logic, the theory of counterfactuals, alternative representations of conditionals, the use of logic in the foundations of arithmetic and Godel's Incompleteness theorems. We will focus on particular topics, examples of which are the following: normative critique, capitalism, authoritarianism, mass culture, enlightenment and reason, progress, violence, the domination of nature, white supremacy, patriarchy and colonialism. Safety measures are in place, and campus community members and guests are additionally advised to take personal precautions. In the second part of the course, we will read On Certainty, and selections from other of Wittgenstein's posthumously published works: Zettel, Philosophical Grammar, Remarks on the Philosophy of Psychology, Culture and Value, Lectures and Conversations on Aesthetics, Psychology and Religious Belief, and The Big Typescript. Among the questions we will read Thomas Hobbes, Kant, Mill, nietzsche and. 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