Additional Planetary K-index data is available at the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC). So I imported this 88 years worth of data into a spreadsheet to analyze it, and break it down into graphs and charts. Important! 325 Broadway, Boulder CO 80305, 27-Day Outlook of 10.7 cm Radio Flux and Geomagnetic Indices, Report and Forecast of Solar and Geophysical Activity, Geoalert - Alerts, Analysis and Forecast Codes, Geospace Ground Magnetic Perturbation Maps, North American (US Region) Total Electron Content, Geoelectric Field 1-Minute (Empirical EMTF - 3D Model), STORM Time Empirical Ionospheric Correction, Aurora Viewline for Tonight and Tomorrow Night, Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO), Dive Deeper Into the Science of the Aurora. The finalized Kp-index comes from the GFZ in Potsdam, Germany and is updated twice a month. Every G-level has a certain Kp-value associated with it. 10 Best Places in the World To See the Aurora, The current solar cycle (#24) is very lame. Australia. A UV index of 43 is more similar to surface radiation on Mars than typical conditions on Earth, and the reading is well above the mid-20s routinely measured in the high Andes, said lead study author Nathalie Cabrol, a planetary scientist at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California. KP is just an indicator, but in most situations: KP 1 to 3: Auroras are usually quiet and faint. It . The planetary 3-hour-range index Kp is the mean standardized K-index from 13 geomagnetic observatories between 44 degrees and 60 degrees northern or southern geomagnetic latitude. Below are maps showing the most southern extent of where aurora might be observable for different levels of the geomagnetic Kp index (and the NOAA G scale). HTML: 
BBCode: [img]http://www.theusner.eu/terra/aurora/kpIndex_2023-03-01-3.png[/img], Link to this page showing the current image:
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The Kp number is a system to measure aurora's strength. December of 2009 had an average daily Kp index of just 0.06. Parsec vzw is a non-profit organization from Belgium which consists of several websites about Astronomy, Space, Space Weather, aurora and related subjects. 2017 toyota corolla wheel torque specs highest kp index ever recorded It reached a milestone of 29,000 on Jan. 15. Summers are hot and humid with temperatures in the low 30's and during dry spells the maximum temperatures often exceed 40 C (104 F) during May and June. The last 30 days of mid-latitude, high-latitude, and planetary K- and A-indices are always available.
Click anywhere on the map to see the Geographic Longitude, Geographic Latitude, and Corrected Magnetic Latitude for that location. For centuries it has been known that the sun follows a regular pattern of high and low solar activity. Its prime purpose is to give a rough estimate of the strength of an on-going geomagnetic event with enough notice for electromagnetic system operators. For any location on the middle latitudes a Kp-value of 7 is needed. Highest Dew Point Measurements in the United States. A geomagnetic storm is a major disturbance of Earth's magnetosphere that occurs when there is a very efficient exchange of energy from the solar wind into the space environment su About Kp Index lambda expression cannot be converted to expression tree. He used several basic factors that would affect how hot . Email Becky Oskinor follow her @beckyoskin. A 51-year-old man named Willie Jones suffered heat stroke on July 10, 1980, when the temperature outside was 90 degrees Fahrenheit. On July 9, 2021, California's Death Valley reached 130 degrees Fahrenheit, according to an automated measuring system there, representing one of the highest temperatures ever recorded on the planet.The world record, also recorded at Death Valley, was 134 degrees in July 1913. The sun isnt always predictable. The ozone layer in the stratosphere, the layer above the troposphere that people breathe and live in, blocks the sun's UV radiation. For Kp in the range of 3 to 5, the aurora will move further from the poles, it will become brighter and there will be more auroral . New York, DST Changes. The Kp-index describes the disturbance of the Earth's magnetic field caused by the solar wind. Kp of 3: aurora could be expected south to the BLUE line. The short answer is NO. The year-to-year variability which oscillates in response to solar cycle was analyzed using Fourier technique and the amplitude of . During the equinoxes, Earths axis is 0 relative to the ecliptic, and the suns magnetic field lines can better connect with Earths magnetic field. If you want to point people to a certain date in the archive, you can provide a link as follows: http://www.theusner.eu/terra/aurora/kp_archive.php?year=YYYY&month=MM&day=DD&ndays=N. This scale is used to give a quick indication of the severity of a geomagnetic storm. For this reason, the Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) located in Boulder, Colorado issues a variety of space weather forecasts and warnings daily to alert those concerned with these effects. Passing clouds. It appears that the scale goes all the way to 9. The Kp-index The planetary Kp-index is a globally averaged indicator of the worldwide level of geomagnetic activity. We made a handy list which is a good guide for what Kp-value you need for any given location within the reach of the auroral ovals. The Sicily temperature could not be independently confirmed . DarkSiteFinder Values of 7 or higher indicate a severe geomagnetic storm.). I flew without problems with a KP 3. * Kp values greater than 7 indicate a large disturbance. A "perfect storm" of ozone-destroying chemicals sent cancer-causing UV-B radiation soaring at the top of a South American volcano in 2003, a new study reports. plastkupa utomhusbelysning; discord ranking system Even when I was in Iceland, the highest KP I experienced was 3. Ionizing radiation from the flare hit Earth's atmosphere soon after the explosion and caused a severe radio blackout. TheRoyal Observatory of Belgium SILSOhas been recording sunspot numbers for even longer since the 1700s. Learn how the sunspot number is countedhere. A plot of the current Kp-index is located here: Note that the locations below give you a reasonable chance to see auroras for the given Kp-index provided local viewing conditions are good. By the late afternoon, the mercury had swelled to a . Take a look at this scale to size up your chances of seeing the Northern Lights: Kp and Kpa planetary 3-hourly indices of geomagnetic activity. That is also why in aviation they use radiation hardened parts. Conditions below storm level are labelled as G0 but this value is not commonly used. According to Guinness World Records, her astonishing IQ of 228 is the highest ever recorded. (K-indices of 5 or higher indicate 'storm-level' geomagnetic activity. The geomagnetic Kp index is one of the most extensively used indices of geomagnetic activity, both for scientific and operational purposes. If you had recorded flight data, it could be investigated to show the cause. A magnetometer measures the maximum deviation of the horizontal component of the magnetic field at its location and reports this. It shattered the 105-year-old record by 2 (109 - 1917) It shattered the 105-year-old record . The Estimated 3-hour Planetary Kp-index gives us a quick indication of the strongest observed geomagnetic activity over a 3-hour period. These are the events that create the best aurora and the extended auroral oval will be observable by the most people. However, such storms are very rare indeed (approx. A radiation detector left on the 19,423-foot-tall (5,920 meters) peak picked up the extreme spike in UV-B radiation during the Southern Hemisphere summer. It is important, however, to remember that the Northern Lights appears most frequently at high latitudes.
Because the team's primary goals were to look for Mars counterparts and weird life, such as the extremophiles that thrive in these harsh environments, they didn't realize their instruments had picked up a huge spike in UV levels until years after their fieldwork was complete. The UV index measures the amount of damaging ultraviolet solar radiation expected to reach the Earth's surface when the sun is highest in the sky, generally between the midday hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. She earned a master's degree in geology from Caltech, a bachelor's degree from Washington State University, and a graduate certificate in science writing from the University of California, Santa Cruz. After looking at this data, a few things become apparent: The numbers above will obviously vary depending on the solar cycle. The vertical axis shows the Kp index from 0 to 9. Does anyone know the highest it has ever been It should be noted that the relationship between Kp and auroral latitude are approximate and represent averages. It changes the propagation delay through the ionosphere, making GPS positioning inaccurate even if the receiver has all satellites locked. And even there it would have been difficult to see. Cambridge University Botanic Garden measured 38.7C (101.7F) on Thursday beating the . http://www.theusner.eu/terra/aurora/kp.php. But during the solstices the Earth is tilted 23.4 which makes it harder for their magnetic fields to link up. Ive never managed to see the northern lights in December, January, or July. Furnace Creek Ranch in Death Valley, California holds this crown and achieved this global high on July 10, 1913. Kevin Palmer Photography. What is the highest Kp-index ever recorded? The current official highest registered air temperature on Earth is 56.7 C (134.1 F), recorded on 10 July 1913 at Furnace Creek Ranch, in Death Valley in the United States. GREEN BARS show a Kp index less than 4 (indicates little magnetic change) YELLOW BARS show a Kp index equal to 4 (indicates moderate magnetic change) RED BARS when the Kp is greater than 4 (indicates a storm warning) The global Kp-index is then determined with an algorithm that puts the reported K-values of every station together. The Ap-index provides a daily geomagnetic activity average. Earlier studies by Richard McKenzie, a scientist at the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research in New Zealand, also found that the high Andes in Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina regularly hit UV index levels higher than 25. . Photo courtesy of the Grand Forks, North Dakota National Weather Service Office. The finalized Kp-index is slightly different then the preliminary Kp-index. The K-index itself is a three hour . I take your points about myth propagation . There are plenty of anomalies. 3,193 posts, read 4,282,006 times Reputation: 2376. You can also directly click on a date in the overview plot below the main diagram. "The solar flare is the big question mark here," Cabrol told Live Science. Conversely, solar minimum is defined as the month with the lowest sunspot number. Climatologists study records of Earths weather to calculate averages and find trends and patterns.I wanted to do the same with space weather to find out how geomagnetic activity varies by year, month, and day. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The official Kp index is derived by calculating a weighted average of K-indices from a predetermined network of geomagnetic observatories, the official Kp network. The activity level classification for the geomagnetic storms follows NOAA's space weather scale for geomagnetic storms. The highest UV index ever recorded was 43.3 on top of a volcano in Bolivia. This Kp-index works with 28 values instead of 10 values that the preliminary Kp-index works with. It is updated after every 3-hour period with the most recent reported Kp-value or during times of high auroral activity it is updated at the same time as the NOAA SWPC issues an alert that a certain threshold has been reached. the site of the highest UV index ever recorded. It is no surprise that the hottest . Impress Your Friends, Predict the (Space) Weather To do this, you'll check an index called Kp, a number from 0-9, which is used to rate the global . Kp-index and Kpa-index archive (1868 to present), Kp and Kpa planetary 3-hourly indices of geomagnetic activity, Data from GFZ Potsdam (Kp-index from 1932-present)
The Kp-index was introduced by a German . what language does lisa gerrard sing in. The chart JSON is available at: Observed Planetary K Index (3 hour intervals). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 10 days at or above . Weather Today Weather Hourly 14 Day Forecast Yesterday/Past Weather Climate (Averages) Currently: 77 F. The previous high was $4.11 on July 17, 2008, according to AAA. Answer: Mideast Hit With 165F Heat, 'Highest Ever Recorded' Scorching heat has put temperatures as high as 165 degrees in the Middle East, as a "heat dome" passes its way through the region. See discussion in the forum of the Arbeitskreis Meteore e.V. Despite popular belief, the Kp index is not a good source for aurora forecasting and nowcasting. (AKM). The faster the solar wind blows, the greater the turbulence. Solar minimum in 2008 was the quietest since 1823 (the. This fever was reported in the Lawrence Journal-World, in July of 1980. 17. The Kp index was introduced by a German scientist Julius Bartels in 1939. Open http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/swac/data.php and click on "Kp Index" (live data). Important magnetometer observations are also contributed by the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris and the Korean Space Weather Center K-index Watches are issued when the highest predicted NOAA estimated Kp-indices for a day are K = 5, 6, 7, or >= 8 and is reported in terms of the NOAA G scale. The cost for diesel is nearing the record of $4.84, also set in . These maximum deviations may occur anytime during the 3-hour period. The highest i witnessed was Kp9 in 2003 (i was 4 there ) Moderator. "The major spikes in UV pretty much match exactly with this major solar activity.". But it was the summer of 1913 that entered the record books, acknowledged officially as the hottest temperature ever recorded at 56.7 C (134 F) in recent years, according to WMO. But oddly enough the Kp index never exceeded 7. "That was one of the most incredible temperature observations I have ever seen and it is one of the . Today Kp is an important measure for the energy input from the solar wind to Earth and it is used by space weather services in near real-time. 2k. But dont read too much into exact dates. K-index Alerts are issued when the NOAA estimated Kp-indices reach 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. At these levels, aurora may be seen directly overhead from the northern states of the USA. The K-index itself is a three hour long quasi-logarithmic local index of the geomagnetic activity at the given location and time compared to a calm day curve. The second highest temperature was recorded at Kebili, Tunisia, which was 55.0C recorded on July 07, 1931. This mega flare started its historic eruption at 19:29 UTC from Active Region 10486 and peaked around 19:50 UTC. There were geomagnetic storms every single day of the month except for 4. By Henry Fountain. Use props . "It seems to be a perfect storm," Cabrol told Live Science. UV levels peak in summer and are lowest in winter. The dew point is correlated with relative humidity; theoretically, humidity could reach saturation at 100 percent and there is no higher percentage that humidity could possibly reach. The air temperature was 108* and the dewpoint was 95*. The UK's highest-ever temperature has been officially recorded in Cambridge, the Met Office has confirmed. Kp of 9+: aurora could be seen as far south as Texas and Florida. Data from GFZ Potsdam (Kp-index from 1932-present) and NOAA NCEI (AA-index converted to Kpa from 1868-1931) Sunspot numbers from WDC-SILSO, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels. Solar activity is increasing faster than official forecasts had predicted, data appears to show, and experts predict a stronger solar cycle than in previous years. North America: Barrow (AK, United States) Yellowknife (NT, Canada) Gillam (MB, Canada) Nuuk (Greenland), Europe: Reykjavik (Iceland) Troms (Norway) Inari (Finland) Kirkenes (Norway) Murmansk (Russia), North America: Fairbanks (AK, United States) Whitehorse (YT, Canada), Europe: Mo I Rana (Norway) Jokkmokk (Sweden) Rovaniemi (Finland), North America: Anchorage (AK, United States) Edmonton (AB, Canada) Saskatoon (SK, Canada) Winnipeg (MB, Canada), Europe: Trshavn (Faeroe Islands) Trondheim (Norway) Ume (Sweden) Kokkola (Finland) Arkhangelsk (Russia), North America: Calgary (AB, Canada) Thunder Bay (ON, Canada), Europe: lesund (Norway) Sundsvall (Sweden) Jyvskyl (Finland), North America: Vancouver (BC, Canada) St. John's (NL, Canada) Billings (MT, United States) Bismarck (ND, United States) Minneapolis (MN, United States), Europe: Oslo (Norway) Stockholm (Sweden) Helsinki (Finland) Saint Petersburg (Russia), Southern Hemisphere: Hobart (Australia) Invercargill (New Zealand), North America: Seattle (WA, United States) Chicago (IL, United States) Toronto (ON, Canada) Halifax (NS, Canada), Europe: Edinburgh (Scotland) Gothenburg (Sweden) Riga (Latvia), Southern Hemisphere: Devonport (Australia), North America: Portland (OR, United States) Boise (ID, United States) Casper (WY, United States) Lincoln (NE, United States) Indianapolis (IN, United States) Columbus (OH, United States) New York City (NY, United States), Europe: Dublin (Ireland) Manchester (United Kingdom) Hamburg (Germany) Gdask (Poland) Vilnius (Lithuania) Moscow (Russia), Southern Hemisphere: Christchurch (New Zealand), North America: Salt Lake City (UT, United States) Denver (CO, United States) Nashville (TN, United States) Richmond (VA, United States), Europe: London (United Kingdom) Brussels (Belgium) Cologne (Germany) Dresden (Germany) Warsaw (Poland), Southern Hemisphere: Melbourne (Australia) Wellington (New Zealand), North America: San Francisco (CA, United States) Las Vegas (NV, United States) Albuquerque (NM, United States) Dallas (TX, United States) Jackson (MS, United States) Atlanta (GA, United States), Europe: Paris (France) Munich (Germany) Vienna (Austria) Bratislava (Slovakia) Kiev (Ukraine), Southern Hemisphere: Perth (Australia) Sydney (Australia) Auckland (New Zealand), North America: Monterrey (Mexico) Miami (FL, United States), Europe: Barcelona (Spain) Marseille (France) Rome (Italy) Bucharest (Romania) Volgograd (Russia), Southern Hemisphere: Alice Springs (Australia) Brisbane (Australia) Ushuaia (Argentina) Cape Town (South Africa). It is derived from the maximum fluctuations of horizontal components observed on a magnetometer during a three-hour interval. For Kp in the range 8 to 9, the aurora will move even further towards the equator and it will become very bright and very active. Becky Oskin covers Earth science, climate change and space, as well as general science topics. http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/swac/data.php, GREEN BARS show a Kp index less than 4 (indicates little magnetic change), YELLOW BARS show a Kp index equal to 4 (indicates moderate magnetic change), RED BARS when the Kp is greater than 4 (indicates a storm warning). The last truly active year was in 2003. A lot of people come to SpaceWeatherLive to follow the Sun's activity or if there is aurora to be seen, but with more traffic comes higher server costs. Time/General. [1] For ninety years, a former record that was measured in Libya had been in place, until it was decertified in 2012 based on evidence that it was an erroneous reading. Cabrol and her colleagues didn't set out to find record-high UV levels when they visited Licancabur volcano in the 2000s. The Kp index ranges from 0 to 9. Of course there are other factors to consider as well such as climate and length of day/night. In the United States, the highest dew point ever recorded, 90F (32C), was recorded at the New Orleans Naval Air Station, on July 30, 1987, Melbourne, Florida . This includes but is not limited to: a clear sight towards the northern or southern horizon, no clouds, no light pollution and complete darkness. This period averages 11 years in length, but can vary from 9 to 13 years long. K-index Warnings are issued when NOAA estimated Kp-indices of 4, 5, 6, and 7 or greater are expected. A large solar flare from the sun two weeks before the spike also could have affected atmospheric chemistry and destroyed some the planet's protective ozone layer. The sun activity has also a cycle. Solar wind power is different from Kp in a few ways. On 11/6/2021 at 3:46 PM, Solarflaretracker200 said: The highest KP value I have seen was KP 7. A world-record UV index of 43.3 was measured in 2003 at Bolivia's Licancabur volcano. For Kp in the range 0 to 2, the aurora will be far north, quite dim in intensity, and not very active. The effects of the solar cycle become clear in the first 6 graphs below. Mountain + 7 hours = UT
This scale is called the Kp scale. Also maybe what place has a record high UV index ever? One of the best aurora displays Ive ever seen happened to occur on one of the least active days historically. For Kp in the range of 3 to 5, the aurora will move further from the poles, it will become brighter and there will be more auroral activity (motion and formations). According to. Most Geomagnetically Active Days of the Year, Least Geomagnetically Active Days of the Year. It can be seen that the extreme geomagnetic . If you are in the right place, these aurora can be quite pleasing to look at. There are lots of misunderstandings concerning this scale, but in this blog post we will give you all the information you need to understand . In conclusion the Kp index is not made for aurora nowcasting and much less forecasting. Solar activity interferes with GPS signals in two ways, both due to disruptions in the ionosphere: Even during a major storm, the extent to which you see these problems will depend on many other factors. The KP Auroral Map tool shows the connection between Kp Index and the predicted southern edge of the aurora in North America. Instead, they were searching for environments on Earth that were similar to Mars. Heres how it works. Ratings of 8 or above are very rare, and many of the photos included here were taken at low Kp numbers. The label 'K' comes from the German word 'Kennziffer' meaning 'characteristic digit.' The K-index was introduced by Julius Bartels in 1938. After experiencing three of the biggest drops in history during the spring, it broke 30,000 on Nov. 24, and ended the year at a record high of 30,606.48. The index ranges from 0, for low activity, to 9, which means that an intense geomagnetic storm is under way. The table below will help you with that. 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