Get up-to-the-minute news sent straight to your device. However, their African ancestors had survived relatively dark-skinned (carrying the old haplogroup C) in Oceania for over 100,000 years Continue Reading More answers below Rasager Aa "People have different definitions of realism," he added, pointing out stylistic conventions and showing slides that depicted convincingly similar but totally unrelated rattlesnake scale designs from the early American city of Teotihuacan and decorations on a Louis XVI commode. Keep supporting great journalism by turning off your ad blocker. Others hold true to the story of the American slave trade in which enslaved Africans were brought to Americas shores to provide free labor to build the country and grow the economy. They say slavery lasted 400 yrs America is only 250 yrs old You ever seen a slave ship ? suddenly this stream widened, and they saw in the distance what looked at first like a drifting island of black menWe estimated on examination that there might be about one hundred and fifty at the most; they appeared very well-built, exceedingly black, and all clothed in white cotton shirts. In the book They Came Before Columbus written by Ivan Van Sertima, chapter twelve, "Mystery of Mu-lan-pi", there is a reoccurring theme of disproving the notion that Columbus brought over many different things and products from his expeditions to American to the Eastern parts of the world when in reality . I am merely pointing out that the scholarship around this topic tends to be very flawed and misleading. This finding flatly contradicted the claim of the historian Herodotus that the Egyptians, compared to the Greeks and other European Caucasoids, were for the most part a black-skinned and wooly-haired people. Polynesians/Melanesians went to the Americas before Columbus. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Barbour of the University at Buffalo. I was a friend of de Montellanos and many years ago we used to debunk Afrocentrists aka Afronuts on several forums (he posted as Quetzalcoatl on Egyptsearch), but he died I think in 2016. Weiant, who had a PhD in archaeology, also wrote numerous articles on extrasensory perception and was an active member of the. For example, whereas Van Sertima argued that Africans influenced the civilization of the Americas, Clyde Ahmad Winters goes further by suggesting that Africans founded the Olmec and all other major American civilization, which is a claim that Van Sertima never made. Should we give reparations to black Americans, being that they, 5500 words Introduction Hereditarians champion Asians (specifically East Asians) as proof of their gene-centric worldviewthat their genetic constitution allows their stellar performance in educational and, 2100 words Many people believe that a thing called the G-spotGrafenberg spotexists. 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What did I know or was taught? Did we learn anything in there that I had simply forgotten? Van Sertima, 42, here Saturday for the concluding day of the third annual black writers conference sponsored by Howard University, said the pervious to original thought, who will letters exposed Daniel as "a man imnot even do honest battle with ideas he contends but tries to drown out in a sea of vituperation and abuse.". (LogOut/ On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. If there were an African presence in the Americas, he asked, "why do we not find more African stylistic artifacts?". Many historians have worked at debunking the "They Came Before Columbus" and "Africans Were Already In America" myth. Van Sertimas main evidence for his claims regarding a pre-Colombian contact between ancient Africans (Nubians) and Olmecs rests on the supposed similarities between Negroid facial features and the colossal Olmec heads. However, anthropologists and archaeologists who specialized in Mesoamerican history, rightly, reject Van Sertimas storytelling. In Koning's telling and in Zinn's, Columbus set out to enslave a uniformly gentle people for the sole purpose of enriching himself with gold. The author gives pictures of examples of negroid statues in pre-Columbian America, often with black people in comparison. [3][n 1], Van Sertima was born in Kitty Village, near Georgetown, in what was then the colony of British Guiana (present-day Guyana); he retained his British citizenship throughout his life. In Hidden Colors, a documentary by filmmaker Tariq Nasheed, Dr. Umar Johnson, a doctor of Clinical Psychology, is interviewed and claims that Africans were going back and forth engaging in cultural and economic trade before Columbus. Ivan Gladstone Van Sertima (26 January 1935 25 May 2009) was a Guyanese-born British associate professor of Africana Studies at Rutgers University in the United States. He also points to the Negroid features of giant stone heads in Mexico, our of which have been radio carbon dated at 814 B.C. "I nver expected any money," he explains. Though these features may be common among black people of African Ancestry, one cannot exclude that these features also exist to some degree in Native Americans. He talks about the risk factors for Bitcoin as an investment asset including origin risk, speculative market structure, regulatory, and environment. The audience of about 300 people in the Medaille Campus Center was sprayed with an array of examples -- on slides and verbally -- that supported or debunked the theory that Africans reached the New World well before 1492. This article will refute Van Sertimas claim that the Olmec heads were of Negroid originor were sculpted to show the appearance of Negroidsand his other claim that Mali seafarers reached the Americans some 200-odd years before Colombus. Of course I was taken aback by the bold claim. He said, "You cannot really conceive of how insulting it is to Native Americans to be told they were 'discovered'."[14]. Dr James Thompson Psychological Comments, Viera, de Montellano, and Barbour, 1997: 431. Highlighted Ogham found on the Isle of Man - Credit: ViewTeam (Author provided) A certain kind of shadow lifts. During the 1960s, he worked for several years in Great Britain as a journalist, doing weekly broadcasts to the Caribbean and Africa. Winters writes: The first civilization to appear in America, called the Olmec culture was founded by AfricansThe original Maya were probably AfricansThe Aztecs, Zapotecs, Toltecs, and Maya usually occupied urban centers built by Africans, or Afro-Indians. Additionally, they wrote that Van Sertima "diminishe[d] the real achievements of Native American culture" by his claims of African origin for them. Columbus actually said in the journal of his second voyage "He was a true professional who served his community with pride every day for over 32 years," the Amherst Police Department said in a statement. Alas, none exist. If I didnt look for it myself I was probably wasnt going to learn much more. Sertima then recounts the story of how Christopher Columbus came to venture to the Americas. They follow that quote with this statement: "In spite of the above evidence, education and curriculum development literature are generally silent on the Olmecs" (pg 5). Columbus actually said in the journal of his second voyage when he was in Haiti, then known as Espanola, Native Americans came to him and told him that Black people had come in large boats from the south and southeast trading in gold-tipped metal spears. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America originally published in 1976 was written by professor Dr. Ivan Van Sertima. In 1970 Van Sertima immigrated to the United States, where he entered Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, for graduate work. Ancient Egypt is regarded as one of the greatest earliest civilizations that has captured the attention and imagination of historians and laypeople alike for years. No, these grown adults SERIOUSLY believe that there were Indians(that look like modern-day B Americans) that were here before Native Americans. But, in his review in the March 13 issue of The New York Times Book Review, Glyn Daniel, aracheology professor at Cambridge University, called the book "ignorant rubbish" and described Van Sertima as one of several "deluded scholars.". Van Sertima accomplishes this through chapters relying heavily on dramatic storytelling. Even Van Sertima himself admits that the people who were trading these spears could be dark bronze people from South America as opposed to African. However, Columbus actually sent back on a mail boat to Spain, samples of these gold-tipped metal spears. She also planned to publish a book of his poetry.[25]. Van Sertima also includes photos of an African man and woman for comparison, but he does not include pictures of inhabitants of the area where the artifacts were found. THEY GAME GOLUM BUS The African Presence in Ancient America Ivan Van Sertima Ncruma] has demonstrated that there is far more to hlach history than the trade. The description that Columbus gives certainly is not a description of black people in the Caribbean. Their Negro-ness could not be explained away nor, in most cases, their African cultural origin. Van Sertima was among those who argued that the Olmec had African origins, whereas others such as Mike Xu have argued that the Olmec civilization has Asian roots. In addition, there are stories of Egyptian mariners. Because the Olmec civilization is one that has been largely shrouded in mystery, there have been a number of theories about the historical roots of the Olmec. The truth is that Black Indians were shipped from America to Europe! All of these claims are incrediblewhich means that they deserve incredible evidence in order to verify them. Human Biodiversity, IQ, Evolutionary Psychology, Epigenetics and Evolution, Home Refuting Afrocentrism They Did Not Come Before Columbus. Recently, I've been handed a book called "They Came before Columbus" by Ivan Sertima, which asserts that Africans had discovered and traded with the native people of the Americas long before Columbus arrived. In They Came Before Columbus, we see clearly the unmistakable face and handprint of black Africans in pre-Columbian America, and their overwhelming impact on the civilizations they encountered. They then raised their discovery to the community at large, but it was quickly disregarded as being impossible under the logic that no Europeans had visited the Americas before Columbus. Oral traditions of Native Americans, according to reported Mexican authority, Nicholas Leon, include the belief that the oldest inhabitants of Mexico were Negroes among other stories. Van Sertima does not say, but he jumps the conclusion that the spears that were sent to Spain were African spears without providing a basis for why he believes so. Experts have determined that the gourds floated across the Atlantic and washed ashore in the Americas to be adopted by Mesoamerican cultures. As the dogma slowly gets pushed out of science and history we are coming to realize that people of all. Daniel's review provoked a barrage of letters - from scholars and laypersons - defending Van Sertima. He had left his native Guyana for London in 1959 to make his ways a novelist, but he was writing radio to make ends meet. Van Sertima states near the end of the book that all civilizations are capable of independent invention, and that he aims to place his claims on the spectrum between diffusionism and isolationism, or the idea that cultures separated geographically are capable of inventing similar things without interaction between the two. There are, of course, numerous problems with these claims: most importantly, the evidence that Van Sertima provides in his book to prove an ancient African presence in America is highly lacking. A celebrated classic, They Came Before Columbus, dea. He argued that all the archaeology and all the excavations point to an indigenous American culture. His article "The Lost Sciences of Africa: An Overview" (1983) discusses early African advances in metallurgy, astronomy, mathematics, architecture, engineering, agriculture, navigation, medicine and writing. Are broader financial markets in a massive speculative bubble? Professor Ivan van Sertima, They Came before Columbus A review by Femi Akomolafe, 19 January 1995. Politically correct labels have been applied to other races in the past and since Indians are always the last to be labeled for anything, I suppose our time has come. There are Egyptian-like pyramids in the Americas and mummified persons similar to those in Egypt. Both men supported their artistic theories with slides of the sculptures and modern Africans and Middle American Indians -- leaving the audience to decide for themselves between truth and the appearance of truth. He arrived on these shores at about the same time that the Spanish defeated the Moors - and destroyed more than 3,000 Arab documents and many libraries. In They Came Before Columbus, Ivan Van Sertima put forward the argument that African people were in the Americas long before Columbus was. I may hear about anything from the cultural revolution, to ancient Chinese dynasties, to Genghis Kan. Saying slave ships are a myth is a whole new level of ignorance . What would the point of shipping Black Indians to Europe then to Africa and then back to America again be? They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America originally published in 1976 was written by professor Dr. Ivan Van Sertima. Van Sertima claims that the Mixtecs and Aztecs were influenced by Bakari II. I found an audio version of this book on YouTube. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. On 7 July 1987, Van Sertima testified before a United States Congressional committee to oppose recognition of the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's "discovery" of the Americas. Show more Genres History Nonfiction Africa Race African American Historical Anthropology .more 284 pages, Paperback First published January 1, 1976 These chapters serve to support his argument of the contributions African cultures, specifically black African cultures, have made to world cultures and civilizations.[15]. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. When the cheerleading coach broke the news to Katrina Kohel that she was the only one left on the cheer squad, Kohel was determined to compete anyway. Never seen a more deluded person. "Human beings in any population have a great deal of variation," pointed out Barbour, whose methodical approach contrasted sharply with Van Sertima's more theatrical arguments. It was with the coming of Columbus that the twilight of the red and black races began. Van Sertima spent his career pushing pseudoscience of this type, even editing and publishing most of his own work in his own edited journals (because other journals would not accept his fringe work). These discs were placed above entrances of inner chambers of temples in Egypt and above temple door lintels in pre-Columbian America. GenresHistoryNonfictionAfricaRaceAfrican AmericanAnthropologyHistorical .more 284 pages, Paperback First published January 1, 1976 Book details & editions This view, of course, is seen as highly fringe in the field of anthropology. The books showed an African and Arabic influence on medeival Mexican and South languages prior to European contact. Van Sertima writes about shipping technology, saying that even the most ancient of Egyptian ships were sturdy enough to cross the Atlantic on the currents that run from northwest Africa to the Americas. Nowhere does de Las Casas suggest that spears he was referring to were identical or even similar to spears in West Africa. How can these accounts be explained away? Some paint their faces, others the whole body, some only round the eyes, others only on the nose. If anything, the only thing Van Sertimas book is good for is a good laugh into the delusions of someone with the conclusion in mind, working backward to prove it (meaning, hes using the type of reverse engineering that EPists use). It was with the coming of Columbus that the twilight of the red and black races began. "Some of these voyages are designed or planned; some are accidental," he said. In How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, Walter Rodney explained that if any African canoes reached the Americas (as is sometimes maintained) they did not establish two-way links. If these two-way links were established, Umar fails to cite specific examples because there are no examples. But early African contact, by free peoples, is being viewed in school curriculum development as a source of pride for a large segment of the modern school population, to counter what Van Sertima termed "disrespect for the Africans" who had built early civilizations and empires in their own homelands long before European contact. "They couldn't be slave blacks," he said. pre-Columbian contact between Africa and the Americas, "Goodbye Columbus? Columbus never claimed that he saw black people in the Americas. On the day he submitted his piece, he learned about Alexander von Wuthenau, and art historian who had excavated a large number of Negroid heads in clay, gold, copper and copal sculpted by pre-Columbian American artists. Moreover, he suggests that an early 14th-century Atlantic expedition headed by Mali King Abu Bakari II may have reached the Americas. Van Sertima quit and wrote the series for an independent company. Ivan Van Sertima is a fringe Afrocentric theorist (they all are), who argued that there was an African presence in America, long before Colombus set shore in the Bahamas in 1492. Read more Print length 336 pages Language English Publisher Random House Trade Paperbacks Publication date September 23, 2003 Dimensions Photo: These Sioux Indians in the Black Hills area of Custer, S.D. So, Van Sertima had his conclusion in mind first, and looked for evidence for itmeaning he was telling just-so stories. Listen to GHOGH with Jamarlin Martin | Episode 74: Jamarlin Martin Jamarlin returns for a new season of the GHOGH podcast to discuss Bitcoin, bubbles, and Biden. Ivan Van Sertima's They Came Before Columbus is the first monographic treatment of this problem since Leo Wiener's Africa and the Discovery ofAmerica (3 vols., Philadelphia, 1920-1922), although M. D. W. Jeffreys has littered the intervening fifty years with articles on various aspects of it, often drawing heated responses In fact, Columbus writes that they were not black. To assuage the Christian conscience for the enslavement of a people, one could not believe that black people were intelligent enough and capable of such feats as the ancient Egyptians. The professor said that he was intrigued but skeptical when he first encountered the idea of ancient African contact with the Americas. [1], Van Sertima retired in 2006. They would claim them as west African too if they could. He later discusses carved pipes found in Mesoamerican archaeological sites, suggesting that the use of pipes for smoking must have been an inherited practice from African or Asian visitors. Intertribal slavery amongst the Indians was universal and transitioned easily with European interest. Smart Policies are as low as $30 a month, No Medical Exam Required Van Sertima asserts that this idea is false and explains how this belief developed. Mansa Musa never sailed to America. Did the Spanish also assay the spears of West Africa to know what ratio of gold, silver and copper alloys were found in the African spears? Thus, historians of the time removed, ignored, or minimized any evidence of black contributions to ancient Egyptian civilization. When the metallurgists in Spain assayed these spears, they found they were identical, not similar, but were identical in their ratio of gold, silver and copper alloys as spears then being forged in African Guinea. ..and he [Columbus] wanted to find out what the Indians of Hispanola had told him, that there had come to it from the south and southeast Negro people, who brought those spear points made of a metal which they call guanin Raccolta, Parte 1, Vol. Phil Valentine is even more confused. Click Here to Get Smart on Protecting Your Family and Loves Ones, No Matter What Happens. This video is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Ivan Van Sertima who made is transition on May 25th, 2009. The launching of the expedition is recorded by Arab historian Ibn Fadl Allah al-Omari, according to Van Sertima. Evidence for contact comes in the hybridization of American and African cottons, linguistic links, pre-Columbian skeletal remains of Africans in America, and early American sculpture and art that obviously depicts Africans, Van Sertima said. Two-Way links were established, Umar fails to cite specific examples because there are Egyptian-like pyramids the... Smart on Protecting your Family and Loves Ones, no Matter what Happens Get Smart on Protecting Family! 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